Describe challenges parents and/or caregivers would encounter with these specific characteristics. Behavioral Characteristics in Children and Challenges that Parents May Face Temperament Nutritional Barriers Hygiene, Activity Sleep

Behavioral Characteristics in Children and Challenges that Parents May Face

Many studies have shown the relationship between temperament and parenting. For instance, Micalizzi, Wang, & Saudino (2017) found that children with difficult temperaments such as anger, fear, and irritability evoke more negative parenting. On the other hand, children who are soothed easily and are slow to anger evoke increased positive warmth and emotionality from their parents. Some authors have also found that the reverse is true; negative parenting evokes anger, irritability, and fearfulness in children and even exacerbates difficult temperament, whereas positive parenting evokes warmth and positive emotionality (Micalizzi, Wang, & Saudino, 2017).

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According to International Food Information Council (2021), about 70% of caregivers and parents state that they are very satisfied with the guidance and information available regarding nutrition and healthy eating for their children, and over 80% believe they are well-informed on the right decisions about their children’s diet. However, the challenge is that parents find it difficult to track their children’s nutritional needs. Sometimes, they have to watch their children feed to figure out alternative ways of meeting their children’s nutritional needs. Many parents may face difficulty getting their children to eat vegetables, as indicated by research by the International Food Information Council (2021).

When a child is hospitalized, caregivers share their role of protecting the child with the healthcare providers to deliver safe hygiene and care for the child. Since children often explore new things by touching things and inserting their fingers in their mouths, parents often find it difficult to maintain hand hygiene practices (Bellissimo-Rodrigues et al., 2016).

Moreover, as children engage in more explorative activities as they grow up, it may be challenging for their parents to control every activity they engage in, including dangerous activities. Some parents state that they do not have time to monitor all the activities their children engage in, and as a result, their children experience accidents. For instance, research has shown that parental talk is directly related to a child’s vocabulary in the early stages of development (Dowd, 2018). If children engages in a conversation with their parents in domestic tasks such as measuring ingredients for cooking counting fruits, or stating how and where the vegetables come from, their feasible learning activities increase (Dowd, 2018). However, most parents may report a lack of time or balance to fully indulge in every activity their child engages in, including play activities. This is because they may have to work, cook, and manage other family errands.

Ragni & De Stasio (2020) find that while most children can fall asleep independently by the age of 1 year, 50% of toddlers depend on the parental/caregiver’s intervention to maintain a sleeping pattern. In this case, parents may face the challenge of bedtime resistance or refusal, prolonged night awakenings, and delayed sleep onset until an intervention is implemented (Owens, Chervin, & Wilkie, 2022).

References

Bellissimo-Rodrigues, F., Pires, D., Zingg, W., & Pittet, D. (2016). Role of parents in the promotion of hand hygiene in the pediatric setting: a systematic literature review. Journal of Hospital Infection, 93(2), 159-163.